Evaluation of Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio, and Tp-e/QTc ratio in patients with mitral valve stenosis before and after balloon valvuloplasty

Objective: Sympathetic activity increases in patients with mitral stenosis (MS). The association between prolonged Tpeak-Tend (Tp-e) interval and increased sympathetic activity has been demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio, and Tp-e/corrected QT interval (QTc) ratio in patients with MS before and after balloon valvuloplasty.
Methods: Thirty patients with severe MS and 30 sex-, body mass index-, and and age-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled. The severity of MS was defined following clinical, transthoracic, and transesophageal echocardiographic examinations. All patients underwent successful mitral balloon valvuloplasty. Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratios were measured using 12-lead electrocardiogram. First, the abovementioned parameters were compared between patients with MS and healthy control subjects. Second, these parameters were compared before and after balloon valvuloplasty in patients with MS.
Results: The mean Tp-e interval was significantly prolonged in patients with MS compared with healthy control subjects (85.02±9.12 ms vs. 75.38±6.04 ms; p<0.001). In addition, Tp-e/QT ratio and Tp-e/QTc ratio were significantly higher in patients with MS than in healthy control subjects (0.217±0.025 vs. 0.196±0.02 and 0.203±0.02 vs. 0.184±0.019; p<0.001).The mean valve area significantly increased after balloon valvuloplasty compared with that before balloon valvuloplasty (1.83±0.32 cm2 vs. 1.18±0.15 cm2; p<0.001). Compared with those before balloon valvuloplasty, Tp-e interval (85.02±9.12 ms vs. 78.06±9.2 ms; p<0.001), Tp-e/QT ratio (0.217±0.02 vs. 0.201±0.02; p<0.001), and Tp-e/QTc ratio (0.203±0.02 vs. 0.184±0.02; p<0.001) decreased after balloon valvuloplasty.
Conclusion: We revealed that Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio, and Tp-e/QTc ratio increased in patients with severe MS. Furthermore, balloon valvuloplasty had a favorable effect on parameters associated with myocardial repolarization.